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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on August 4, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology 2008 49(9):1350-1363; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn111
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Role of Arabidopsis CHL27 Protein for Photosynthesis, Chloroplast Development and Gene Expression Profiling

Woo Young Bang1,3, In Sil Jeong1,3, Dae Won Kim1, Chak Han Im1, Chen Ji1, Sung Min Hwang1, Se Won Kim1, Young Sim Son1, Joa Jeong1, Takashi Shiina2 and Jeong Dong Bahk1,*

1 Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21-EBNCRC), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
2 Graduate School of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522 Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, jdbahk{at}gnu.ac.kr; Fax, +82-55-752-7062.


  Abstract

In Chl biosynthesis, aerobic Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (MPE) cyclase is a key enzyme involved in the synthesis of protochlorophyllide a, and its membrane-bound component is known to be encoded by homologs of CHL27 in photosynthetic bacteria, green algae and plants. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis chl27-t knock-down mutant exhibits retarded growth and chloroplast developmental defects that are caused by damage to PSII reaction centers. The mutant contains a T-DNA insertion within the CHL27 promoter that dramatically reduces the CHL27 mRNA level. chl27-t mutant plants grew slowly with a pale green appearance, suggesting that they are defective in Chl biosynthesis. Chl fluorescence analysis showed significantly low photosynthetic activity in chl27-t mutants, indicating damage in their PSII reaction centers. The chl27-t mutation also conferred severe defects in chloroplast development, including the unstacking of thylakoid membranes. Microarray analysis of the chl27-t mutant showed repression of numerous nuclear genes involved in photosynthesis, including those encoding components of light-harvesting complex I (LHCI) and LHCII, and PSI and PSII, which accounts for the defects in photosynthetic activity and chloroplast development. In addition, the microarray data also revealed the significant repression of genes such as PORA and AtFRO6 for Chl biosynthesis and iron acquisition, respectively, and, furthermore, implied that there is cross-talk in the Chl biosynthetic pathway among the PORA, AtFRO6 and CHL27 proteins.

Keywords: AtFRO6 - chl27-t mutant - Chloroplast development - Microarray analysis - PORA - PSII

Abbreviations: CAO, chlorophyllide a oxygenase; ETR, relative electron transport rate; FRO, ferric chelate reductase; GFP, green fluorescent protein; LHC, light-harvesting complex; MPE, Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester; MS, Murashige and Skoog; NPQ, non-photochemical quenching; PAM, pulse amplitude modulation; PAR, photosynthetically active radiation; POR, NADPH-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase; RFP, red fluorescent protein; RT–PCR, reverse transcription–PCR; 5'-UTR, 5'-untranslated region.

3These authors contributed equally to this work.

(Received June 14, 2008; Accepted July 30, 2008)
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