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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on May 21, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology 2007 48(7):915-924; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm062
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Rapid Paper

Probenazole-Induced Accumulation of Salicylic Acid Confers Resistance to Magnaporthe grisea in Adult Rice Plants

Takayoshi Iwai1,2, Shigemi Seo1,3,*, Ichiro Mitsuhara1,3 and Yuko Ohashi1,3

1National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602 Japan
2Miyagi Prefectural Agriculture and Horticulture Research Center, Natori Miyagi, 981-1243 Japan
3Program for Promotion of Basic Activities for Innovative Bioscience (PROBRAIN), Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001 Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, sseo71{at}affrc.go.jp; Fax, +81-29-838-7469.


  Abstract

Probenazole (PBZ) is the active ingredient of Oryzemate, an agrochemical which is used for the protection of rice plants from Magnaporthe grisea (blast fungus). While PBZ was reported to function upstream of salicylic acid (SA) in Arabidopsis, little is known about the mechanism of PBZ-induced resistance in rice. The role of SA in blast fungus resistance is also unclear. The recommended application period for Oryzemate is just before the Japanese rainy season, at which time rice plants in the field have reached the 8-leaf stage with adult traits. Thus, the involvement of SA in PBZ-induced resistance was studied in compatible and incompatible blast fungus–rice interactions at two developmentally different leaf morphology stages. Pre-treatment of inoculated fourth leaves of young wild-type rice plants at the 4-leaf stage with PBZ did not influence the development of whitish expanding lesions (ELs) in the susceptible interaction without the accumulation of SA and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. However, PBZ pre-treatment increased accumulation of SA and PR proteins in the eighth leaves of adult plants at the 8-leaf stage, resulting in the formation of hypersensitive reaction (HR) lesions (HRLs). Exogenous SA induced resistance in adult but not young plants. SA concentrations in blast fungus-inoculated young leaves were essentially the same in compatible and incompatible interactions, suggesting that PBZ-induced resistance in rice is age-dependently regulated via SA accumulation.

Keywords: Blast fungus - Disease resistance - Plant age - Probenazole - Rice - Salicylic acid

Abbreviations: dpi, days post-inoculation; EL, expanding lesion; HR, hypersensitive reaction; HRL, HR lesion; MEJA, methyl jasmonate; PBZ, probenazole; PR, pathogenesis-related; SA, salicylic acid; SAG, salicylic acid ß-glucoside; TMV, tobacco mosaic virus; WT, wild type.

(Received March 7, 2007; Accepted May 14, 2007)
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