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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on February 27, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology 2007 48(4):573-584; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm027
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Changes in the Sugarcane Metabolome with Stem Development. Are They Related to Sucrose Accumulation?

Donna Glassop1,2,*, Ute Roessner3, Antony Bacic3 and Graham D. Bonnett1,2

1CSIRO Plant Industry, Level 4 Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
2CRC Sugar Industry Innovation through Biotechnology, Level 5, John Hines Building, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
3Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia

*Corresponding author: E-mail, donna.glassop{at}csiro.au; Fax, +61-7-3214-2920.


  Abstract

Sucrose content increases with internode development down the stem of sugarcane. In an attempt to determine which other changes in metabolites may be linked to sucrose accumulation gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to obtain metabolic profiles from methanol/water extracts of four samples of different age down the stem of cultivar Q117. Extracts were derivatized with either N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoracetamide (TMS) or N-methyl N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (TBS) separately in order to increase the number of metabolites that could be detected. This resulted in the measurement of 121 and 71 metabolites from the TMS and TBS derivatization, respectively. Fifty-five metabolites were identified using commercial and publicly available libraries. Statistical analysis of the metabolite profiles resulted in clustering of tissue types. Particular metabolites were correlated with the level of sucrose accumulation, which as expected increased down the stem. Metabolites, such as tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and amino acids, were more abundant in the M2 sample (meristem to internode 2) that was actively growing and decreased in an apparently coordinated developmentally programmed manner in more mature internodes down the stem. However, other metabolites such as trehalose and raffinose showed positive correlations with sucrose concentration. Here we discuss the technique used to measure metabolites in sugarcane and the changes in metabolite abundance down the sugarcane stem.

Keywords: Gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry - Metabolic profiling - Raffinose - Trehalose - Tricarboxylic acid

Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; GC-MS, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; I4, internode 4; I7, internode 7; I9, internode 9; M2, meristem to internode 2; MST, mass spectral tag; PCA, principal component analysis; TBS, N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) trifluoracetamide; TCA cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle; TMS, N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoracetamide

(Received December 4, 2006; Accepted February 14, 2007)
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