Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on October 3, 2006
Plant and Cell Physiology 2006 47(11):1530-1540; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcl019
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides Induce Defense Responses Associated with Programmed Cell Death in Rice Cells
1Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571 Japan
2Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529 Japan
3Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
4Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602 Japan
* Corresponding author: E-mail, shibuya{at}isc.meiji.ac.jp; Fax, +81-44-934-7039.
 |
Abstract |
|---|
PAMP (pathogen-associated molecular pattern) recognition plays an important role during the innate immune response in both plants and animals. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from Gram-negative bacteria are representative of typical PAMP molecules and have been reported to induce defense-related responses, including the suppression of the hypersensitive response, the expression of defense genes and systemic resistance in plants. However, the details regarding the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these cellular responses, such as the molecular machinery involved in the perception and transduction of LPS molecules, remain largely unknown. Furthermore, the biological activities of LPS on plants have so far been reported only in dicots and no information is thus available regarding their functions in monocots. In our current study, we report that LPS preparations for various becteria, including plant pathogens and non-pathogens, can induce defense responses in rice cells, including reactive oxygen generation and defense gene expression. In addition, global analysis of gene expression induced by two PAMPs, LPS and chitin oligosaccharide, also reveals a close correlation between the gene responses induced by these factors. This indicates that there is a convergence of signaling cascades downstream of their corresponding receptors. Furthermore, we show that the defense responses induced by LPS in the rice cells are associated with programmed cell death (PCD), which is a finding that has not been previously reported for the functional role of these molecules in plant cells. Interestingly, PCD induction by the LPS was not detected in cultured Arabidopsis thaliana cells.
Keywords: Defense response - Elicitor - Lipopolysaccharide - PAMPs - Programmed cell death - Rice
Abbreviations: CTAB, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; DAPI, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; HR, hypersensitive response; LPS, lipopolysaccharides; PAMP, pathogen-associated molecular pattern; PCD, programmed cell death; PR, pathogenesis-related; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RT–PCR, reverse transcription–PCR; TUNEL, terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling.
(Received August 13, 2006; Accepted September 26, 2006)
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  T. Yamaguchi, M. Kuroda, H. Yamakawa, T. Ashizawa, K. Hirayae, L. Kurimoto, T. Shinya, and N. Shibuya Suppression of a Phospholipase D Gene, OsPLD{beta}1, Activates Defense Responses and Increases Disease Resistance in Rice Plant Physiology, May 1, 2009; 150(1): 308 - 319. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Miya, P. Albert, T. Shinya, Y. Desaki, K. Ichimura, K. Shirasu, Y. Narusaka, N. Kawakami, H. Kaku, and N. Shibuya CERK1, a LysM receptor kinase, is essential for chitin elicitor signaling in Arabidopsis PNAS, December 4, 2007; 104(49): 19613 - 19618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Shinya, I. Galis, T. Narisawa, M. Sasaki, H. Fukuda, H. Matsuoka, M. Saito, and K. Matsuoka Comprehensive Analysis of Glucan Elicitor-Regulated Gene Expression in Tobacco BY-2 Cells Reveals a Novel MYB Transcription Factor Involved in the Regulation of Phenylpropanoid Metabolism Plant Cell Physiol., October 1, 2007; 48(10): 1404 - 1413. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.-A. Newman, J. M. Dow, A. Molinaro, and M. Parrilli Invited review: Priming, induction and modulation of plant defence responses by bacterial lipopolysaccharides Innate Immunity, April 1, 2007; 13(2): 69 - 84. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|