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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on February 2, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 46(3):539-545; doi:10.1093/pcp/pci045
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JSPP © 2005

Short Communication

Some Cyanobacteria Synthesize Semi-amylopectin Type {alpha}-Polyglucans Instead of Glycogen

Yasunori Nakamura1,2,8, Jun-ichiro Takahashi2, Aya Sakurai2, Yumiko Inaba1, Eiji Suzuki1,2, Satoko Nihei3, Shoko Fujiwara2,3, Mikio Tsuzuki2,3, Hideaki Miyashita4, Hisato Ikemoto5, Masanobu Kawachi6, Hiroshi Sekiguchi7 and Norihide Kurano7

1 Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita-City, 010-0195 Japan
2 CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012 Japan
3 Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392 Japan
4 Department of Technology and Ecology, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan
5 Beverage Development Department, Suntory Limited, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-8503 Japan
6 Environmental Biology Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506 Japan
7 Marine Biotechnology Institute, Kamaishi, Iwate, 026-0001 Japan

8 Correponding author: E-mail, nakayn{at}akita-pu.ac.jp; Fax, +81-18-872-1681.

It is widely accepted that green plants evolved the capacity to synthesize the highly organized branched {alpha}-polyglucan amylopectin with tandem-cluster structure, whereas animals and bacteria continued to produce random branched glycogen. Although most previous studies documented that cyanobacteria accumulate glycogen, the present study shows explicitly that some cyanobacteria such as Cyanobacterium sp. MBIC10216, Myxosarcina burmensis and Synechococcus sp. BG043511 had distinct {alpha}-polyglucans, which were designated as semi-amylopectin. The semi-amylopectin was intermediate between rice amylopectin and typical cyanobacterial glycogen in terms of chain length distribution, molecular size and length of the most abundant {alpha}-1,4-chain. It was also found that Cyanobacterium sp. MBIC10216 had no amylose-type component in its {alpha}-polyglucans. The evolutionary aspect of the structure of {alpha}-polyglucan is discussed in relation to the phylogenetic evolutionary tree of 16S rRNA sequences of cyanobacteria.

Received November 8, 2004; Accepted December 27, 2004
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