© 2004 Oxford University Press
Thermal and Chlorophyll-Fluorescence Imaging Distinguish Plant-Pathogen Interactions at an Early Stage
1 Department of Molecular Genetics, Unit Hormone Signalling and Bio-imaging, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
2 Advanta SES-Europe, Biotechnology Department, Soldatenplein Z2, Industriepark 15, B-3300 Tienen, Belgium
3 Laboratory for Molecular and Physical Plant Physiology, Limburgs Universitair Centrum, Department SBG, Universitaire Campus, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
Different biotic stresses yield specific symptoms, owing to their distinct influence on a plants physiological status. To monitor early changes in a plants physiological status upon pathogen attack, chlorophyll fluorescence imaging (Chl-FI) and thermography, which respectively visualize photosynthetic efficiency and transpiration, were carried out in parallel for two fundamentally different plantpathogen interactions. These non-destructive imaging techniques were able to visualize infections at an early stage, before damage appeared. Under growth-room conditions, a robotized set-up captured time series of visual, thermal and chlorophyll fluorescence images from infected regions on attached leaves. As a first symptom of the plantvirus interaction between resistant tobacco and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), thermal imaging detected a local rise in temperature while Chl-FI monitored a co-localized increase in fluorescence intensity. Chl-FI also revealed pre-symptomatic high-intensity spots for the plantfungus system sugar beetCercospora beticola. Concomitantly, spots of lower temperature were monitored with thermography, in marked contrast with our observations on TMV-infection in tobacco. Knowledge of disease signatures for different plantpathogen interactions could allow early identification of emerging biotic stresses in crops, facilitating the containment of disease outbreaks. Presymptomatic monitoring clearly opens perspectives for quantitative screening for disease resistance, either on excised leaf pieces or attached leaves.
4 Corresponding author: Email, dominique.vanderstraeten{at}ugent.be; Fax, +32-9-264-5333.
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