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Plant and Cell Physiology, 2004, Vol. 45, No. 2 138-145
© 2004 Oxford University Press

The Light-Harvesting Complex of Photosystem I in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Protein Composition, Gene Structures and Phylogenic Implications

Ryutaro Tokutsu1, Haruhiko Teramoto2, Yuichiro Takahashi3, Taka-aki Ono2 and Jun Minagawa1,4

1 Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
2 Laboratory for Photo-Biology, Photodynamics Research Center, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Sendai, 980-0845 Japan
3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan

Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (LHCI) associated with photosystem I (PSI) and the genes encoding these proteins have been characterized in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, extending previous studies of the PSII-LHCII [Teramoto et al. (2001) Plant Cell Physiol. 42: 849]. In order to assign LHCI proteins in the thylakoid membranes, the PSI-LHCI supercomplex that retains all of the major LHCI proteins was purified. Seven distinct LHCI proteins were resolved from the purified supercomplex by a high-resolution SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and their N-terminal amino acid sequences were determined. One LHCI protein (band e) was newly found, although the other six LHCI proteins corresponded to those previously reported. Genomic clones encoding these seven LHCI proteins were newly isolated and the nucleotide sequences were determined. A comprehensive characterization of all members of Lhc gene family in this alga revealed that LHCI proteins are more highly diverged than LHCII, suggesting functional differentiation of the protein components in LHCI. Neighbor joining trees were constructed for LHC proteins from C. reinhardtii and those of Arabidopsis thaliana or Galdieria sulphuraria to assess evolutionary relationships. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that (1) green algal LHCI and LHCII proteins are more closely related to one another than to LHCI proteins in red algae, (2) green algae and higher plants possess seven common lineages of LHC proteins, and (3) Type I and III LHCI proteins are conserved between green algae and higher plants, while Type II and IV are not. These findings are discussed in the context of evolution of multiple diverse antenna complexes.

4 Corresponding author: E-mail, minagawa{at}lowtem.hokudai.ac.jp; Fax, +81-11-706-5493.


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