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Plant and Cell Physiology, 2003, Vol. 44, No. 3 334-341
© 2003 Oxford University Press

A Role of the –35 Element in the Initiation of Transcription at psbA Promoter in Tobacco Plastids

Keiko Hayashi1,3, Takashi Shiina2,4, Nao Ishii1, Kayou Iwai2, Yoko Ishizaki2, Kazuya Morikawa1,5 and Yoshinori Toyoshima1,6

1 Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan
2 Laboratory of Applied Biology, Faculty of Human Environment, Kyoto Prefectural University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522 Japan

Most plastid promoters recognized by bacteria-like plastid RNA polymerase (PEP) are similar to E. coli {sigma}70-type promoters comprising "–35" and "–10" elements. Among them, psbA promoter is unique in bearing additional elements between the conserved –35 and –10 elements. The psbA promoter activity is differentially maintained in the mature chloroplasts where the activity of most PEP promoters declines. Previously, we identified two types of PEP activities in wheat seedlings [Satoh et al. (1999) Plant J. 18: 407]; PEP present in the mature chloroplasts of the leaf tip (tip-type PEP) can initiate transcription from the –35-destructed psbA promoter, but the –35 element is essential for transcription by PEP present in immature chloroplasts of the leaf base (base-type PEP). To reveal which type of PEP functions in various types of plastids in tobacco, we analyzed the tobacco psbA promoter by means of a transplastomic approach. The promoter core context (–42 to +9) was sufficient for developmental regulation of the psbA promoter activity. The –35 promoter element was important for transcription initiation at the psbA promoter in all types of plastids, including chloroplasts in mature leaves, leucoplasts in roots, etioplasts in etiolated cotyledons. The conclusion is that the PEP bearing a promoter preference, similar to the wheat base-type PEP, functions dominantly in tobacco chloroplasts.

3 Present address: National Agricultural Research Center, Inada 1-2-1, Joetsu, Niigata, 943-0193 Japan.

4 Corresponding author: E-mail, shiina{at}kpu.ac.jp; Fax, +81-75-703-5448. K. Hayashi and T. Shiina contributed equally to this work.

5 Present address: Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577 Japan.

6 Present address: School of Science and Technology, Kwanseigakuin University,2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337 Japan.


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