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Plant and Cell Physiology, 2001, Vol. 42, No. 8 789-794
© 2001 Oxford University Press

Structure and Function of Heterotrimeric G Proteins in Plants

Yukiko Fujisawa, Hisaharu Kato and Yukimoto Iwasaki1

Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, 4-1-1 Kenjyojima, Matsuoka-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1195 Japan

Heterotrimeric G proteins are mediators that transmit the external signals via receptor molecules to effector molecules. The G proteins consist of three different subunits: {alpha}, ß, and {gamma} subunits. The cDNAs or genes for all the {alpha}, ß, and {gamma} subunits have been isolated from many plant species, which has contributed to great progress in the study of the structure and function of the G proteins in plants. In addition, rice plants lacking the {alpha} subunit were generated by the antisense method and a rice mutant, Daikoku d1, was found to have mutation in the {alpha}-subunit gene. Both plants show abnormal morphology such as dwarfism, dark green leaf, and small round seed. The findings revealed that the G proteins are functional molecules regulating some body plans in plants. There is evidence that the plant G proteins participate at least in signaling of gibberellin at low concentrations. In this review, we summarize the currently known information on the structure of plant heterotrimeric G proteins and discuss the possible functions of the G proteins in plants.

1 Corresponding author: E-mail, iwasaki@fpu.ac.jp; Fax, +81-776-61-6015.


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