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Plant and Cell Physiology, 2001, Vol. 42, No. 6 657-664
© 2001 Oxford University Press

Growth in Microgravity Increases Susceptibility of Soybean to a Fungal Pathogen

Marietta Ryba-White1, Olena Nedukha2, Emmanuel Hilaire3, James A. Guikema4, Elizabeth Kordyum2 and Jan E. Leach ,1,5 1 Plant Pathology Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502, U.S.A. 2 Institute of Botany, National Academy Sciences of Ukraine, 25004 Kiev, Ukraine 3 National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Office of Intellectual Property and Technology Commercialization, Suite K734, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, U.S.A. 4 Division of Biology, Ackert Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-4901, U.S.A.

The influence of microgravity on the susceptibility of soybean roots to Phytophthora sojae was studied during the Space Shuttle Mission STS-87. Seedlings of soybean cultivar Williams 82 grown in spaceflight or at unit gravity were untreated or inoculated with the soybean root rot pathogen P. sojae. At 3, 6 and 7 d after launch while still in microgravity, seedlings were photographed and then fixed for subsequent microscopic analysis. Post-landing analysis of the seedlings revealed that at harvest day 7 the length of untreated roots did not differ between flight and ground samples. However, the flight-grown roots infected with P. sojae showed more disease symptoms (percentage of brown and macerated areas) and the root tissues were more extensively colonized relative to the ground controls exposed to the fungus. Ethylene levels were higher in spaceflight when compared to ground samples. These data suggest that soybean seedlings grown in microgravity are more susceptible to colonization by a fungal pathogen relative to ground controls.

5 Corresponding author: E-mail, jeleach@ksu.edu; Fax, +1-785-532-5692.


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