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Plant and Cell Physiology, 2001, Vol. 42, No. 2 114-120
© 2001 Oxford University Press

Plants Steroid Hormones, Brassinosteroids: Current Highlights of Molecular Aspects on their Synthesis/Metabolism, Transport, Perception and Response

Gerard J. Bishop ,1,3 and Takao Yokota2,3

1 Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Wales Aberystwyth, Cledwyn Building, University of Wales, Aberystwyth SY23 3DD, U.K. 2 Department of Biosciences, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, 320-8551 Japan

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant steroids essential for normal growth and development and can be defined as steroids that carry an oxygen moiety at C-3 and additional ones at one or more of the C-2, C-6, C-22 and C-23 carbon atoms. BR biosynthesis and metabolism mutants have been obtained and the corresponding genes cloned. These include genes encoding 5{alpha}-reductase and cytochrome P450 enzymes, that are similar to enzymes associated with mammalian steroid synthesis. Perception and/or response mutants have also been identified via screening for altered sensitivity to BRs. Some of these mutants have been found to be defective in a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase and in a component of a vacuolar ATPase. This review highlights the recent advances in unraveling BR synthesis/metabolism, transport, perception and response through the analysis of BR mutants.

3 Corresponding authors: G.B. E-mail, gdb@aber.ac.uk; Fax, +44-1970-62-2307: T.Y. E-mail, yokota@nasu.bio.teikyo-u.ac.jp; Fax, +81-28-627-7209.


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