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Plant and Cell Physiology, 2001, Vol. 42, No. 10 1034-1043
© 2001 Oxford University Press

An Arabidopsis Sigma Factor (SIG2)-Dependent Expression of Plastid-Encoded tRNAs in Chloroplasts

Kengo Kanamaru1, Akitomo Nagashima1, Makoto Fujiwara1,5, Hiroshi Shimada2, Yumiko Shirano3,6, Kazumi Nakabayashi4,7, Daisuke Shibata3,8, Kan Tanaka1 and Hideo Takahashi1,9

1 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo (UT), Tokyo, 113-0032 Japan 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-0026 Japan 3 Mitsui Plant Biotechnology Research Institute (disbanded in March, 1999), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047 Japan 4 Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, UT, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan

A eubacteria-type RNA polymerase (PEP) plays crucial roles for chloroplast development in higher plants. The core subunits are encoded on plastid DNA (rpo genes) while the regulatory sigma factors are encoded on the nuclear DNA (SIG genes). However, the definite gene specificity of each sigma factor is unknown. We recently identified an Arabidopsis recessive pale-green mutant abc1 in which T-DNA is inserted in SIG2 (sigB). In this mutant, almost normal etioplasts were developed under dark conditions while the small chloroplasts with poor thylakoid membranes and stacked lamellar were developed under light conditions. The sig2-1 mutant was deficient in accumulating enough photosynthetic and photosynthesis-related proteins as well as chlorophyll. However, mRNAs of their structural genes were not significantly reduced. Further analyses revealed that several plastid-encoded tRNAs including trnE-UUC that has dual function for protein and ALA biosyntheses were drastically reduced in the sig2-1 mutant. In contrast, nucleus-encoded T7 phage-type RNA polymerase (NEP)-dependent gene transcripts were steadily accumulated in the mutant. These results indicate that progress of chloroplast development requires SIG2-dependent expression of plastid genes, particularly some of the tRNA genes.

5 Present address: Plant Functions Laboratory, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Saitama, 351-0198 Japan.

6 Present address: Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853-1901, U.S.A.

7 Present address: Laboratory for reproductive growth regulation, Plant Science Center (PSC), Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Saitama, 351-0198 Japan.

8 Present address: Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0812 Japan.

9 Corresponding author: E-mail, htakaha@iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp; Fax, +81-3-5841-8476.


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