Plant and Cell Physiology, 1999, Vol. 40, No. 2 164-172
© 1999
Expression Characteristics of CS-ACS1, CS-ACS2 and CS-ACS3, Three Members of the 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Synthase Gene Family in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Fruit under Carbon Dioxide Stress
Laboratory of Postharvest Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
1 To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Fax; +81-86-251-8338, E-mail; mathooko{at}cc.okayama-u.ac.jp
We investigated the expression pattern of three 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase genes, CS-ACS1, CS-ACS2 and CS-ACS3 in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit under CO2 stress. CO2 stress-induced ethylene production paralleled the accumulation of only CS ACS1 transcripts which disappeared upon withdrawal of CO2 Cycloheximide inhibited the CO2 stress-induced ethylene production but superinduced the accumulation of CS-ACS1 transcript. At higher concentrations, cycloheximide also induced the accumulation of CS-ACS2 and CS-ACS3 transcripts. In the presence of CO2 and cycloheximide, the accumulation of CS-ACS2 transcript occurred within 1 h, disappeared after 3 h and increased greatly upon withdrawal of CO2 Inhibitors of protein kinase and types 1 and 2A protein phosphatases which inhibited and stimulated, respectively, CO2 stress-induced ethylene production had little effect on the expression of these genes. The results presented here identify CS-ACS1 as the main ACC synthase gene responsible for the increased ethylene biosynthesis in cucumber fruit under CO2 stress and suggest that this gene is a primary response gene and its expression is under negative control since it is expressed by treatment with cycloheximide. The results further suggest that the regulation of CO2 stress-induced ethylene biosynthesis by reversible protein phosphorylation does not result from enhanced ACC synthase transcription.
2 Permanent address: Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi, Kenya.
(Received June 3, 1998; Accepted November 20, 1998)
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