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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1998, Vol. 39, No. 6 574-580
© 1998

Effects of Fluorogibberellins on Plant Growth and Gibberellin 3rß-Hydroxylases

Tamio Saito1, Yuji Kamiya2, Hisakazu Yamane3, Noboru Murofushi4, Akira Sakurai1 and Nobutaka Takahashi2

1 The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research Hirosawa 2-1, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
2 Frontier Research Program, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research Hirosawa 2-1, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
3 Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
4 Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan

3rß-Fluorogibberellin A9 (3rß-fluoro-GA9), 3rßfluoro-GA20, 3rß-fluorodeoxygibberellin C (3rß-fluoro-DGC) and 13-fluoro-GA9 were prepared, and their effects on plant growth and gibberellin (GA) 3rß-hydroxyIases were examined. 3rß-Fluoro-GA9 and 3rß-fluoro-GA20 promoted the growth of dwarf rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Tan-ginbozu) seedlings to three times higher than the control seedlings at a dosage of 3 µ plant–1, and 3rßfluoro-DGC to twice higher at the same dosage. 3rßg-Fluoro-GA9 was active in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) hypocotyl assay, its activity being about one-thirtieth as much as that of GA4. 3rß-Fluoro-GAs were active per se in promoting the shoot elongation of rice. 3rß-Fluoro-DGC inhibited the 3rß-hydroxylation of [3H2]GA9 to [3H]GA4 by GA rß-hydroxylase from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), but 3rß-fluoro-GA9 and 3rß-fluoro-GA20 did not show any effects on the enzyme activity. These 3rß-fluoro-GAs also showed no or only a weak inhibitory effect on the rß-hydroxylase from pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.). 13-Fluoro-GA9 promoted growth of rice and cucumber seedlings, and inhibited the 3rß-hydroxylases from both bean and cucumber. 13-Fluoro-GA9was converted into 13-fluoro-GA4 and 2,3-didehydro-13-fluoro-GA9, in a cell-free system from bean, and conversion of 13-fluoro-GA9 into 13-fluoro-GA4 was also observed in a cell-free system from pumpkin. These results suggest that 13-fluoro-GA9 is one of the substrates of GA 3rß-hydroxy-lases, and that 13-fluoro-GA9 is active as a result of the conversion to 13-fluoro-GA4 in rice and cucumber seedlings.

(Received October 27, 1997; Accepted March 13, 1998)
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