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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1986, Vol. 27, No. 4 677-684
© 1986

Article

Effects of Glyphosate on the Shikimate Pathway and Regulation of Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase in Cryptomeria and Perilla Cell Suspension Cultures

Nariyuki Ishikura1, Susumu Teramoto1,3, Yasunobu Takeshima1 and Seiji Mitsui2

1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kumamoto University Kurokami, Kumamoto 860, Japan
2Biological Laboratory, College of Medical Science, Kumamoto University Kuhonji, Kumamoto 862, Japan

Treatment of Cryptomeria and Perilla cell suspension cultures with glyphosate resulted in a marked suppression of the formation of flavans and caffeic acid derivatives, respectively, while it caused only a slight decline in the cell growth. In contrast with 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate (DAHP) synthase-Mn isozyme, DAHP synthase-Co isozyme from Cryptomeria and Perilla cells was much more sensitive to inhibition by glyphosate. The addition of 1 to 2 mM glyphosate caused an accumulation of shikimate and quinate and a reduction of L-phenylalanine in both cell cultures. The inhibition of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity by glyphosate was reversed by exogenously supplied L-phenylalanine to near the control level. Cycloheximide and actinomycin D nullified the recovery by exogenous L-phenylalanine on PAL activity. L-Phenylalanine itself promoted PAL activity to some extent. No recovery of PAL activity in L-{alpha}-aminooxy-ß-phenylpropionate (L-AOPP)-treated cell cultures could be observed by the addition of L-phenylalanine. Therefore, L-AOPP seems to inhibit the formation of PAL, though it has been considered a competitive inhibitor.

3Present address: Biological Institute, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980, Japan.

(Received October 28, 1985; Accepted March 13, 1986)
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