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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1985, Vol. 26, No. 5 903-911
© 1985

Article

Changes in Activities of Enzymes Involved in General Phenylpropanoid Metabolism during the Induction and Reduction of Anthocyanin Synthesis in a Carrot Suspension Culture as Regulated by 2,4-D

Yoshihiro Ozeki1 and Atsushi Komamine2

Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo Hongo, Tokyo 113, Japan

The activities of enzymes involved in general phenylpropanoid metabolism were followed in a carrot suspension culture during the induction and reduction of anthocyanin synthesis regulated by 2,4-D. When no anthocyanin synthesis occurred in a medium containing 2,4-D (+2,4-D medium), the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL) increased 1 day after transfer due to the transfer effect, but subsequently decreased and remained at a low level. Cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H) activity showed a low level throughout culture. When cells were transferred to a medium lacking 2,4-D (–2,4-D medium), the activities of PAL, C4H and 4CL increased and maximum activities of these enzymes were observed 6–7 days after transfer, when anthocyanin was most rapidly synthesized.

When cells were cultured in the –2,4-D medium, the addition of 2,4-D immediately reduced the induced activity of PAL. PAL activity was super-induced by the transfer effect, while anthocyanin synthesis decreased. The addition of intermediates of general phenylpropanoid metabolism, with 2,4-D, to the medium 6 days after transfer to the –2,4-D medium did not promote anthocyanin synthesis, whereas dihydroquercetin did promote it. Regulation of anthocyanin synthesis by 2,4-D is discussed in relation to changes in enzyme activities involved in general phenylpropanoid metabolism.

1 Present address: Cell Science and Technology Division, Fermentation Research Institute, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Yatabe-machi, Ibaraki 305, Japan.

2 Present address: Biological Institute, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980, Japan.

(Received January 12, 1985; Accepted May 13, 1985)
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