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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1985, Vol. 26, No. 2 253-262
© 1985

Article

Polar and Neutral Lipid Changes in Spinach Leaves with Ozone Fumigation: Triacyiglycerol Synthesis from Polar Lipids

Takeshi Sakaki1, Jun-ichi Ohnishi2, Noriaki Kondo1 and Mitsuhiro Yamada3

1 Division of Environmental Biology, The National Institute for Environmental Studies Yatabe-machi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Saitama University Urawa, Saitama 338, Japan
3 Department of Biology, University of Tokyo Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153, Japan

When mature spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. cv. New Asia) plants were continuously fumigated with 0.5 ppm (v/v) ozone, the total fatty acids in the leaf lipids remained unchanged in both content and composition during the initial 8 h, but thereafter they, especially hexadecatrienoic acid (16:3) and {alpha}-linolenic acid (18:3), began to decrease with marked accumulation of malondialdehyde, indicating fatty acid peroxidation. During the first 6 h, fatty acids in polar lipids decreased to 68% of their initial level, and most were recovered in the neutral lipid fraction. Among the polar lipids, monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyl diacyiglycerol (DGDG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) decreased whereas sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol, phosphatidyl glycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol were stable during 6 h of ozone fumigation. Phosphatidic acid (PA) increased 3.4 times during the same period. Among the neutral lipids, triacyiglycerol (TG) and 1,2-diacylglycerol (1,2-DG) increased markedly with ozone fumigation.

The constituent fatty acids of 16:3, oleic acid (18:1), linoleic acid (18:2) and 18:3 increased markedly in TG and 1,2-DG within 6 h of ozone fumigation, whereas 3-trans-hexadecenoic acid (16:1), 18:1, 18:2 and 18:3 increased in PA. Since 16:3 is specific to MGDG and DGDG, and 18:1 and 18:2 to PC among the glycerolipids mainly reduced by ozone, the results suggest that the acyl moieties of the galactolipids were converted to TG via 1,2-DG, and those of PC to TG through PA and 1,2-DG. The appearance of 16:1 in PA indicates that a small amount of PG, specifically acylated with 16:1, was degraded to PA by ozone fumigation.

(Received August 21, 1984; Accepted November 16, 1984)
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