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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1984, Vol. 25, No. 7 1123-1131
© 1984

Article

The Mineral Ion Relations of Mangroves I. Root Cell Compartments in a Salt Excluder and a Salt Secreter Species at Low Salinities

Charles H. Mallery and Howard J. Teas

Department of Biology, The University of Miami Coral Gables, FL 33124, U.S.A.

The efflux kinetics of 22Na and 36Cl from 48 h pre-loaded Rhizophora mangle and Avicennia germinans mangrove seedling roots grown in low salinity conditions have been documented. Estimates of the percent isotope distributed throughout the whole plant, the uptake rates, the amounts calculated to be present in the root cell compartments, and the rate constants and half-times of efflux were made. Little to no 22Na or 36Cl was noted as being distributed to leaf tissue in the red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle, substantiating its characterization as a non-secreting, salt excluding species. Significantly greater net uptake rates for Na and Cl were observed for the black mangrove, Avicennia germinans, a non-excluding, salt-secreting species. The typical intracellular compartmentation found in higher plant root tissues was noted to be present in these mangroves and the efflux kinetics clearly indicated that Na and Cl were handled differentially by these compartments and their membranes. Rhizophora mangle revealed greater apparent contents of Na than Cl in both the vacuolar and cytoplasmic phases (5.4 and 7.7 fold greater, respectively). The inverse was found for Avicennia germinans, with the apparent vacuolar compartment amount for Cl being 4.6 times greater than the Na amount and the cytoplasmic Cl amount was 1.5 times more than Na contents. The rate constants of efflux showed a pattern of significantly greater Na than Cl efflux from each respective red mangrove compartment, while the black mangroves had a pattern of greater efflux rates of Cl than Na in each compartment. The half-times of efflux for Na from the black mangrove cytoplasmic compartment were 3.5 times longer, while vacuolar half-times of efflux were near unity for Na and Cl. The results are discussed in terms of Scholander's model of salt secreting and salt excluding species.

(Received March 26, 1984; Accepted June 26, 1984)
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