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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1984, Vol. 25, No. 1 15-26
© 1984

Article

Changes in Respiratory Metabolism during Aging in Seeds and Isolated Axes of Soybean1

Lowell W. Woodstock2, Keith Furman3 and Theophanes Solomos3

2Seed Research Laboratory, Plant Genetics and Germplasm Institute, Science and Education Administration, USDA Beltsville, MD. 20705, U.S.A.
3College of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, University of Maryland College Park, MD. 20742, U.S.A.

Cyanide-sensitive O2 uptake was observed in the isolated embryonic axis of soybean [Glycine max L. merr. cv. ‘Essex’] within 5 min after wetting and the O2 uptake rate during the first h of imbibition was directly proportional to axis moisture content. Within 10 min after wetting, O2 uptake was lower in aged low vigor (LV) axes than in high vigor (HV) axes imbibed either in water (LV axes sustain imbibition injury) or in 30% w/v polyethylene glycol (LV axes do not sustain imbibition injury). Mitochondria isolated from LV axes after 4- and 24-h imbibition were characterized by lower O2 uptake, ADP:O, and respiratory control ratios relative to HV mitochondria. A plot of O2 uptake vs temperature between 10 and 25°C revealed a break in the slope between 13 and 16°C for HV, but not LV, axes. Since LV axes sustained water uptake injury at all temperatures tested, whereas HV axes sustained chilling injury only below 16°C, the data indicate two temperature-O2 uptake relationships: one for injured tissues and one for non-injured tissues. We conclude that deterioration per se involves impairment of respiratory metabolism in the soybean embryonic axis. Chilling (10°C; HV and LV axes) and imbibitional (25°C; LV axes) injuries during the initial min of inbibition further disrupt respiratory metabolism and interfere with subsequent mitochondrial development and axis growth.

1Scientific Articles No. A-3548, Contribution No. 6623 of the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station.

(Received May 25, 1983; Accepted September 28, 1983)
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