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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1981, Vol. 22, No. 5 837-846
© 1981

Article

Stimulation of Malate Synthesis by Glycolate in Tomato Leaves in Relation to CO2 Concentration

Minoru Yamauchi and Yoshio Yamada

Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyushu University Fukuoka 812, Japan

The mechanism by which malate synthesis from CO2 is increased under low concentrations of CO2 was investigated in C3 plants. A number of metabolites were administered to illuminated tomato leaves, and their effects on the incorporation of 14CO2 into malate were determined. Compared with water as a control, glycolate, glyoxylate, D,L-glycerate, glycine, phosphoglycolate and L-serine increased malate synthesis by factors of 6.8, 3.8, 3.3, 2.5, 2.3 and 2.2, respectively. The effect of exogenous glycolate on malate synthesis from CO2 was dependent on its concentration up to 100 mu, but was independent of ambient CO2 concentration. The feeding of l-14C-glycolate in the light indicated that glycolate stimulated the carbon flow from CO2 to malate.

The analysis of the products of 14CO2 fixation in illuminated leaves supplied with glycolate showed increases in malate and sugar and decreases in serine and phosphate esters. However, this stimulated malate synthesis ceased when malonate was supplied simultaneously with glycolate. Treatment with glycolate did not affect the dark 14CO2-fixation, but increased the 14C-malate synthesis, with a corresponding decrease in 14C-aspartate and 14C-glutamate. These results suggest that exogenous glycolate activates malate dehydrogenase in leaves, and that the increased glycolate formation at low CO2 concentrations is associated with the increased malate synthesis from CO2.

(Received January 12, 1981; Accepted May 20, 1981)
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