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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1979, Vol. 20, No. 1 51-61
© 1979

Article

Measurement of growth potential of the embryo in New York lettuce seed under various combinations of temperature, red light and hormones

Go Takeba and Satoshi Matsubara

Laboratory of Applied Biology, Faculty of Living Science, Kyoto Prefectural University Shimogamo, Kyoto, Japan

The growth potentials in half and intact seeds of New York lettuce were estimated quantitatively by determining the mannitol concentrations which allow 50% germination. Half seeds (embryonic axes alone) incubated in the dark exhibited growth potentials equivalent to 0.55 M mannitol at 20°, 0.50 M at 25°, 0.30 M at 30°, and 0.24 M at 35°C. Red light acted to promote the potentials of half seeds at 25° and 30°C but not so appreciably at 20° and 35°C. The results presented here suggest that the growth potential of the embryonic axes is controlled by some thermo-labile process in addition to Vodependent reaction (see Discussion). The restraining force of seed coats, estimated as the difference in growth potentials between half and intact seeds, was equivalent to about 0.4 M mannitol and was affected neither by red light nor by temperatures tested (20°–35°C). At 357°C, the growth potential of half seeds (0.24 to 0.26 M) was far less than that of the restraining force of seed coats (0.4 M), and this resulted in thermodormancy.

GA as well as red irradiation increased the growth potential of embryonic axes at 25°–30°C but not at 35°C. Cotyledon expansion was not much increased by GA. KIN, on the other hand, increased the growth potential of both embryonic axes and cotyledons at 25°–35°C, thus breaking the thermodormancy at 35°C. ABA lowered the growth potentials of both embryonic axes and cotyledons.

(Received December 6, 1977; )
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