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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1973, Vol. 14, No. 6 1167-1176
© 1973

Article

Interaction of auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin on cell division and xylem differentiation in cultured explants of Jerusalem artichoke1.

Giuseppe Dalessandro

Istituto di Botanica, Università di Bari Italy

Dark-cultured explants of parenchymatous cells isolated from Jerusalem artichoke tubers were induced to divide and differentiate as tracheary elements on Murashige and Skoog medium containing different combinations of plant growth-hormones such as auxin (IAA), cytokinin (zeatin), and gibberellin (GA3). Addition of auxin to the growth-medium induced after a short lag period, very rapid cell division which was followed by differentiation of some of the divided cells as tracheary elements. At the optimal level of IAA (5.0 mg/liter), the percentage of tracheids differentiated with respect to the total number of cell population was 13.54. When the explants were cultured in the presence of both auxin (IAA 5.0 mg/liter) and one cytokinin (zeatin 0.1 mg/liter), not only a strong interaction on cell division and tracheary element formation was observed but also an increase in the percentage of tracheids differentiated in relation to the total cell population. Auxin-gibberellin and auxin-gibberellin-cytokinin treatments also produced interaction on cell division and cytodifferentiation. In explants treated with the three growth-hormones about 20% of the total cell population differentiated as tracheary elements. Further, all the hormonal treatments gave different patterns of cytodifferentiation which reflected meristematic patterns.

1 This research was supported by a grant from C. N. R. Italy.

(Received April 18, 1973; )
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