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Plant and Cell Physiology, 1970, Vol. 11, No. 4 599-608
© 1970

Article

Temperature and photoperiodic control of developmental responses in climatic races of Achillea

M. G. CLINE1 and A. O. AGATEP

Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, Calif. 91109, U.S.A.

Three climatic races of Achillea from central California (20, 1400 and 3100 m elevation) were grown under controlled environmental conditions at 14 combinations of temperature (0–27°C) and photoperiod (8 or 16 hr). Periodic measurements were made on height and flowering. Dry weights of roots and shoots of mature plants were determined. The greatest growth in height and weight for each race occurred at 11°C on long days (16 hr). The coastal race (20 m) grew well over a wide range of temperatures (7–27°C) but the higher elevation races (1400 and 3100 m) grew well only at low temperatures (7–15°C). In contrast to the vigorous elongation and flowering of the coastal race in short days at nearly all temperatures, races from the higher elevations remained as rosettes. The sub-alpine race (3100 m) exhibited the highest root-shoot ratios. Flowering preceded stem elongation in the sub-alpine race but followed stem elongation in the coastal race. Exogenous applications of gibberellic acid (500 mg/liter) to rosette high-elevation races promoted stem elongation and some flowering. Steroid applications had little or no effects. The high-elevation races may contain a high-temperature sensitive control mechanism for gibberellin production.

1Present address: Faculty of Botany, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, U. S. A.

(Received March 7, 1970; )
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